Paper Detail
Shuang Zhou, Kai Yu, Zaifu Zhan, Huixue Zhou, Min Zeng, Feng Xie, Zhiyi Sha, Rui Zhang
Epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures often present with similar seizure-like manifestations but require fundamentally different management strategies. Misdiagnosis is common and can lead to prolonged diagnostic delays, unnecessary treatments, and substantial patient morbidity. Although prolonged video-electroencephalography is the diagnostic gold standard, its high cost and limited accessibility hinder timely diagnosis. Here, we developed a low-cost, effective approach, EpiScreen, for early epilepsy detection by utilizing routinely collected clinical notes from electronic health records. Through fine-tuning large language models on labeled notes, EpiScreen achieved an AUC of up to 0.875 on the MIMIC-IV dataset and 0.980 on a private cohort of the University of Minnesota. In a clinician-AI collaboration setting, EpiScreen-assisted neurologists outperformed unaided experts by up to 10.9%. Overall, this study demonstrates that EpiScreen supports early epilepsy detection, facilitating timely and cost-effective screening that may reduce diagnostic delays and avoid unnecessary interventions, particularly in resource-limited regions.
No structured notes yet. Add `summary_sections`, `why_relevant`, `claim_impact`, or `next_action` in `papers.jsonl` to enrich this view.
No ranking explanation is available yet.
No tags.
@article{zhou2026episcreen,
title = {EpiScreen: Early Epilepsy Detection from Electronic Health Records with Large Language Models},
author = {Shuang Zhou and Kai Yu and Zaifu Zhan and Huixue Zhou and Min Zeng and Feng Xie and Zhiyi Sha and Rui Zhang},
year = {2026},
abstract = {Epilepsy and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures often present with similar seizure-like manifestations but require fundamentally different management strategies. Misdiagnosis is common and can lead to prolonged diagnostic delays, unnecessary treatments, and substantial patient morbidity. Although prolonged video-electroencephalography is the diagnostic gold standard, its high cost and limited accessibility hinder timely diagnosis. Here, we developed a low-cost, effective approach, EpiScreen, for},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28698},
keywords = {cs.CL},
eprint = {2603.28698},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}
{}