Paper Detail

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Space Robot Operations: Technologies, Challenges and Prospects

Zeyuan Huang, Gang Chen, Zixuan Hao, Guoqin Tang, Junyi Zong, Guoyou Ban, Jiale Wang, Haoyang Lv, Chaoqian Ren, Sitong Liu

arxiv Score 12.8

Published 2026-09-15 · First seen 2026-09-17

Research Track A · General AI

Abstract

Space robots are increasingly expected to perform long-duration, contact-rich, and multi-stage operations with limited human intervention. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robot learning, and embodied foundation models provide new opportunities to improve the autonomy and adaptability of such systems, but their transfer to space is constrained by scarce mission data, space-specific dynamics and sensing conditions, limited onboard resources, and stringent safety requirements. This article reviews artificial intelligence-enabled space robot operations (AI-SRO) from a capability-building perspective. We first summarize representative operational scenarios, autonomy trends, and space-specific constraints. We then establish a three-layer technical framework comprising capability foundations, capability formation, and capability deployment/evolution. Within this framework, we review simulation environments, datasets and benchmarks; task and environment understanding, state perception, decision-making and planning, and action execution; and onboard deployment, ground-to-space adaptation, continual learning, and capability transfer. Finally, we propose key research directions toward trustworthy simulation and data, open-world multimodal cognition, long-horizon safe decision-making, physically constrained policy learning, and space computing infrastructures.

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BibTeX

@article{huang2026artificial,
  title = {Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Space Robot Operations: Technologies, Challenges and Prospects},
  author = {Zeyuan Huang and Gang Chen and Zixuan Hao and Guoqin Tang and Junyi Zong and Guoyou Ban and Jiale Wang and Haoyang Lv and Chaoqian Ren and Sitong Liu},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {Space robots are increasingly expected to perform long-duration, contact-rich, and multi-stage operations with limited human intervention. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robot learning, and embodied foundation models provide new opportunities to improve the autonomy and adaptability of such systems, but their transfer to space is constrained by scarce mission data, space-specific dynamics and sensing conditions, limited onboard resources, and stringent safety requirements. This},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16880},
  keywords = {cs.RO},
  eprint = {2609.16880},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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