Paper Detail

Evidence-RL: Towards Evidence-intensive Visual Reasoning

Haojie Huang, Xinlei Yu, Chengming Xu, Zhangquan Chen, Cheng Yang, Qingdong He, Yu Yang, Jiangning Zhang, Xiaobin Hu

huggingface Score 9.4

Published 2026-08-08 · First seen 2026-08-11

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Abstract

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) should answer from concrete image evidence rather than language priors, dataset shortcuts, or irrelevant visual context. Existing perception-aware post-training methods encourage image use through global perturbations or attention proxies, but they do not test whether a sampled answer causally depends on the local evidence that supports it. We propose Counterfactual Evidence Disentanglement (CED), a training-time evidence audit for VLM grounding. For each response, CED neutralizes an object-centric Evidence Region and compares the resulting support drop against matched non-evidence Regions. We combine this signal with answer correctness inside GRPO, rewarding correct answers that rely on the evidence path rather than shortcut or nuisance paths. CED uses weak object-level proposals, requires no question-specific evidence annotations, and adds no inference-time overhead. Across nine public benchmarks and four backbones, CED outperforms prior RL-based post-training methods, with targeted analyses verifying its object-centric signal.

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BibTeX

@misc{huang2026evidence,
  title = {Evidence-RL: Towards Evidence-intensive Visual Reasoning},
  author = {Haojie Huang and Xinlei Yu and Chengming Xu and Zhangquan Chen and Cheng Yang and Qingdong He and Yu Yang and Jiangning Zhang and Xiaobin Hu},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {Vision-Language Models (VLMs) should answer from concrete image evidence rather than language priors, dataset shortcuts, or irrelevant visual context. Existing perception-aware post-training methods encourage image use through global perturbations or attention proxies, but they do not test whether a sampled answer causally depends on the local evidence that supports it. We propose Counterfactual Evidence Disentanglement (CED), a training-time evidence audit for VLM grounding. For each response, },
  url = {https://huggingface.co/papers/2608.08021},
  keywords = {huggingface daily},
  eprint = {2608.08021},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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