Paper Detail

SGTP: Sampling-based Game-Theoretic Planning for Real-Time Multi-Vehicle Autonomous Racing

Zhouheng Li, Fangguo Zhao, Mattia Piccinini, Baha Zarrouki, Yuan Gao, Zitong Shan, Johannes Betz, Chen Lv, Lei Xie

huggingface Score 15.5

Published 2026-07-28 · First seen 2026-08-03

General AI

Abstract

Autonomous multi-vehicle racing requires real-time planning of diverse competitive behaviors in intense interactions. Existing planners often struggle to balance strategic diversity and computational efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose Sampling-based Game-Theoretic Planning (SGTP), a real-time framework that combines game-theoretic reasoning with GPU-accelerated sampling of control sequences and dynamics rollouts. Sampled trajectories are ranked using a game-aware cost to capture competitive interactions and generate diverse racing behaviors. Our planner then performs feasibility selection by explicitly enforcing track-boundary and dynamic collision-avoidance constraints, ensuring safe and reliable transitions between racing strategies. Extensive simulations on challenging tracks show that SGTP achieves a 95.24% win rate and a 99.35% task-completion ratio in highly interactive races, with a mean computational time of 0.095 s over multiple iterative solving steps. We also demonstrate the successful application of SGTP in large-scale scenarios with up to 10 agents. We release our code and provide an open-source benchmark of multi-agent autonomous racing algorithms to facilitate future research. Project page: https://sgtp-racing.github.io/.

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BibTeX

@misc{li2026sgtp,
  title = {SGTP: Sampling-based Game-Theoretic Planning for Real-Time Multi-Vehicle Autonomous Racing},
  author = {Zhouheng Li and Fangguo Zhao and Mattia Piccinini and Baha Zarrouki and Yuan Gao and Zitong Shan and Johannes Betz and Chen Lv and Lei Xie},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {Autonomous multi-vehicle racing requires real-time planning of diverse competitive behaviors in intense interactions. Existing planners often struggle to balance strategic diversity and computational efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose Sampling-based Game-Theoretic Planning (SGTP), a real-time framework that combines game-theoretic reasoning with GPU-accelerated sampling of control sequences and dynamics rollouts. Sampled trajectories are ranked using a game-aware cost to capture c},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/papers/2607.25388},
  keywords = {code available, huggingface daily},
  eprint = {2607.25388},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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