Paper Detail

Discovering Functionally Selective Brain Regions with a Deep Topographic Multimodal Model

Badr AlKhamissi, Johannes Mehrer, Lara Marinov, Ahmed Abdelaal, Abdulkadir Gokce, Martin Schrimpf

arxiv Score 5.3

Published 2026-06-08 · First seen 2026-06-09

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Abstract

Nearby neurons in cortex share similar response profiles, producing systematic spatial organization across sensory and cognitive systems. Recent topographic models reproduce aspects of this structure but remain unimodal and spatially constrain each layer separately, yielding fragmented maps that capture neither the contiguity of cortical processing streams nor their integration across modalities. We introduce Topo-Omni, a topographic multimodal model in which visual, auditory, and language/cognitive processing share a single contiguous in-silico sheet. Built by fine-tuning a pretrained foundation model with a spatial smoothness objective, this architecture develops clusters across modalities that are consistent with human neuroimaging, from sensory to cognitive systems. Driving or suppressing a cluster selectively biases or impairs perception, paralleling human intervention studies. Finally, we use our model to screen for novel clusters in-silico and discover new natural landscape and animal networks which we validate in human data. A single spatial principle thus organizes representations across modalities and processing stages, yielding testable hypotheses about cortical organization.

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BibTeX

@article{alkhamissi2026discovering,
  title = {Discovering Functionally Selective Brain Regions with a Deep Topographic Multimodal Model},
  author = {Badr AlKhamissi and Johannes Mehrer and Lara Marinov and Ahmed Abdelaal and Abdulkadir Gokce and Martin Schrimpf},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {Nearby neurons in cortex share similar response profiles, producing systematic spatial organization across sensory and cognitive systems. Recent topographic models reproduce aspects of this structure but remain unimodal and spatially constrain each layer separately, yielding fragmented maps that capture neither the contiguity of cortical processing streams nor their integration across modalities. We introduce Topo-Omni, a topographic multimodal model in which visual, auditory, and language/cogni},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.09770},
  keywords = {q-bio.NC, cs.LG},
  eprint = {2606.09770},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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