Paper Detail
Seokwon Jung, Alexander Rubinstein, Arnas Uselis, Sangdoo Yun, Seong Joon Oh
LLM-based agents increasingly operate in persistent environments where they must store, update, and reason over information across many sessions. While prior benchmarks evaluate only single-entity updates, MEME defines six tasks spanning the full space defined by the multi-entity and evolving axes, including three not scored by prior work: Cascade and Absence (dependency reasoning) and Deletion (post-removal state). Evaluating six memory systems spanning three memory paradigms on 100 controlled episodes, we find that all systems collapse on dependency reasoning under the default configuration (Cascade: 3%, Absence: 1% in average accuracy) despite adequate static retrieval performance. Prompt optimization, deeper retrieval, reduced filler noise, and most stronger LLMs fail to close this gap. Only a file-based agent paired with Claude Opus 4.7 as its internal LLM partially closes the gap, but at ~70x the baseline cost, indicating closure currently depends on configurations that are not practical at scale. Code and data are available on the project page: https://seokwonjung-jay.github.io/meme-eval/.
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@article{jung2026meme,
title = {MEME: Multi-entity \& Evolving Memory Evaluation},
author = {Seokwon Jung and Alexander Rubinstein and Arnas Uselis and Sangdoo Yun and Seong Joon Oh},
year = {2026},
abstract = {LLM-based agents increasingly operate in persistent environments where they must store, update, and reason over information across many sessions. While prior benchmarks evaluate only single-entity updates, MEME defines six tasks spanning the full space defined by the multi-entity and evolving axes, including three not scored by prior work: Cascade and Absence (dependency reasoning) and Deletion (post-removal state). Evaluating six memory systems spanning three memory paradigms on 100 controlled },
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.12477},
keywords = {cs.LG, cs.CL, LLM-based agents, persistent environments, memory systems, memory paradigms, dependency reasoning, Cascade, Absence, Deletion, code available, huggingface daily},
eprint = {2605.12477},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}
{}