Paper Detail

Walk With Me: Long-Horizon Social Navigation for Human-Centric Outdoor Assistance

Lingfeng Zhang, Xiaoshuai Hao, Xizhou Bu, Yingbo Tang, Hongsheng Li, Jinghui Lu, Xiu-shen Wei, Jiayi Ma, Yu Liu, Jing Zhang, Hangjun Ye, Xiaojun Liang, Long Chen, Wenbo Ding

arxiv Score 9.2

Published 2026-04-29 · First seen 2026-04-30

General AI

Abstract

Assisting humans in open-world outdoor environments requires robots to translate high-level natural-language intentions into safe, long-horizon, and socially compliant navigation behavior. Existing map-based methods rely on costly pre-built HD maps, while learning-based policies are mostly limited to indoor and short-horizon settings. To bridge this gap, we propose Walk with Me, a map-free framework for long-horizon social navigation from high-level human instructions. Walk with Me leverages GPS context and lightweight candidate points-of-interest from a public map API for semantic destination grounding and waypoint proposal. A High-Level Vision-Language Model grounds abstract instructions into concrete destinations and plans coarse waypoint sequences. During execution, an observation-aware routing mechanism determines whether the Low-Level Vision-Language-Action policy can handle the current situation or whether explicit safety reasoning from the High-Level VLM is needed. Routine segments are executed by the Low-Level VLA, while complex situations such as crowded crossings trigger high-level reasoning and stop-and-wait behavior when unsafe. By combining semantic intent grounding, map-free long-horizon planning, safety-aware reasoning, and low-level action generation, Walk with Me enables practical outdoor social navigation for human-centric assistance.

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BibTeX

@article{zhang2026walk,
  title = {Walk With Me: Long-Horizon Social Navigation for Human-Centric Outdoor Assistance},
  author = {Lingfeng Zhang and Xiaoshuai Hao and Xizhou Bu and Yingbo Tang and Hongsheng Li and Jinghui Lu and Xiu-shen Wei and Jiayi Ma and Yu Liu and Jing Zhang and Hangjun Ye and Xiaojun Liang and Long Chen and Wenbo Ding},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {Assisting humans in open-world outdoor environments requires robots to translate high-level natural-language intentions into safe, long-horizon, and socially compliant navigation behavior. Existing map-based methods rely on costly pre-built HD maps, while learning-based policies are mostly limited to indoor and short-horizon settings. To bridge this gap, we propose Walk with Me, a map-free framework for long-horizon social navigation from high-level human instructions. Walk with Me leverages GPS},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26839},
  keywords = {cs.RO},
  eprint = {2604.26839},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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