Paper Detail

Tree Learning: A Multi-Skill Continual Learning Framework for Humanoid Robots

Yifei Yan, Linqi Ye

arxiv Score 16.0

Published 2026-04-14 · First seen 2026-04-15

Research Track A · General AI

Abstract

As reinforcement learning for humanoid robots evolves from single-task to multi-skill paradigms, efficiently expanding new skills while avoiding catastrophic forgetting has become a key challenge in embodied intelligence. Existing approaches either rely on complex topology adjustments in Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models or require training extremely large-scale models, making lightweight deployment difficult. To address this, we propose Tree Learning, a multi-skill continual learning framework for humanoid robots. The framework adopts a root-branch hierarchical parameter inheritance mechanism, providing motion priors for branch skills through parameter reuse to fundamentally prevent catastrophic forgetting. A multi-modal feedforward adaptation mechanism combining phase modulation and interpolation is designed to support both periodic and aperiodic motions. A task-level reward shaping strategy is also proposed to accelerate skill convergence. Unity-based simulation experiments show that, in contrast to simultaneous multi-task training, Tree Learning achieves higher rewards across various representative locomotion skills while maintaining a 100% skill retention rate, enabling seamless multi-skill switching and real-time interactive control. We further validate the performance and generalization capability of Tree Learning on two distinct Unity-simulated tasks: a Super Mario-inspired interactive scenario and autonomous navigation in a classical Chinese garden environment.

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BibTeX

@article{yan2026tree,
  title = {Tree Learning: A Multi-Skill Continual Learning Framework for Humanoid Robots},
  author = {Yifei Yan and Linqi Ye},
  year = {2026},
  abstract = {As reinforcement learning for humanoid robots evolves from single-task to multi-skill paradigms, efficiently expanding new skills while avoiding catastrophic forgetting has become a key challenge in embodied intelligence. Existing approaches either rely on complex topology adjustments in Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models or require training extremely large-scale models, making lightweight deployment difficult. To address this, we propose Tree Learning, a multi-skill continual learning framework fo},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.12909},
  keywords = {cs.RO},
  eprint = {2604.12909},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
}

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